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Pronounced pee-noe-blahn. A grape varietal, used in the production of white wine, originating in the Alsace region of France.

Pronounced shar-dunay. A grape varietal used in the production of white and sparkling wine. Where the Chardonnay varietal originated has not been verified, but it has definitely earned a reputation and a home in France’s Burgundy region.

Pronounced zin-fan-dell. A grape varietal used in the production of red and rosé (referred to as "white zinfandel") wine.

A vague term suggesting that the flavors of fruit, the tannins, acidity, and the alcohol of a specific wine are pleasingly proportioned.

The title given to a person who is typically employed in a restaurant, food and beverage service company, or a similar occupation who is capable of providing a depth of knowledge regarding different types of wine, their use, the pairing with other foods, and general background information.

A winemaking term that describes the process of breaking up and “punching down” the skin cap into the fermenting juices of red wine.

An unpleasant "nose" that presents itself when a bottle of wine is initially opened. The odor is most often the result of rotten grapes or unclean casks.

The tasting of numerous wines that are from the same vintage but originate from different wineries.

Opposite of a "filtered wine".

A descriptor of a wine lacking in taste, body, and depth.

Descriptor of smooth, balanced wine with developed flavor.

Descriptor for an elegantly balanced wine.

Any wine that is fermented for a second time, thus carbonated, is a sparkling wine.

A form of packaged wine that uses a plastic or reinforced paper liner with a spigot to hold the wine within a corregated box instead of glass bottles as containers.

Any variety of wine with an alcohol content that ranges between 14% and 24%, or that has a high-alcohol content that occurs naturally.

Microscopic organisms that manufacture the enzymes that convert sugar to alcohol, a process necessary for the fermentation of grape juice into wine.

A clear glass or plastic tube with a narrowed opening at either end, is used for sampling of wines in storage vessels.

Blocks of cheese or cheese spreads that have been infused with wine to enhance the flavor of the cheese.

A utensil that removes excess oxygen remaining in an opened bottle of wine in order to preserve the flavor of the wine for a longer length of time.

French term for dry.